Maniscripts

Techniques attainment manuscripts

he manuscripts were entirely written by hand.
The texts and miniatures are copies of existing codices preserved in several museums. In the miniatures, certain details have sometimes been omitted or added always respecting the ancient canon. In order to preserve the phylological aspects of the works, we tried to maintain the original work process used by the ancient amanuenses from the pagination to the preparation of the colours, the “medium” and the final varnishes. The whole process is stricly done by hand.

Manuscript in miniature, cm. 35 x 50 on parchment paper. [MM3]

Content: Extract from "Dei delitti e delle pene" by Beccaria, against the death penalty.

Calligraphy: Fracture.

Frieze: Acanthus leaves, flowers, gilded berries and zoophorus figure belongs to the category of "Monsters".

Initial letter: decorated with acanthus leaf plant motif.

Genuine gold leaf 23 ¾ karati.

Gum Arabic tempera.

Special pigments employed:

Red lead, Naples yellow, green cobalt, ultramarine blue light, cinnabar, Carmine genuine from cochineal, black vine and Titanium white.

Missal XVI Century, cm. 50 x 70, on Original lambskin parchment

Calligraphy: Gothic shaped.
Freize: acanthus leaves, winged dogs with a scaled dragon tail, a sphinx with a human bust in armour, bat's wings and lion's legs. Two meedallions depicting Saint Nicholas from Tolentino and Saint Augustine.Two sphinxes with a human bust, lion's legs, and the tail decorated with acanthus leaves and flowers.
Initial letters: the first one depicting Saint John and the second one decorated with two flowers and acanthus leaves.
Genuine gold leaf 22 karati. Gum Arabic tempera.

Special Pigments employed

Cinnabar, ultramarine blue light, cobalt blue light, cerulean blue, vine black, yellow ochre, mars orange, natural violet, cadmium yellow medium extrafine, ultramarine azure from Afghanistan, hematite, indigo vegetable from India.

Manuscript in miniature, cm. 35 x 50 on parchment paper.

Content: Saint Augustine's prayer for the dead sons.
Calligraphy: Texture.
Frieze: Acanthus leaves, gilded berries.
Initial letter decorated with acanthus leaves and flowers.
Genuine gold leaf 22 karati. Gum Arabic tempera.

Special Pigments employed

Carmine genuine from cochineal, ultramarine blue light, cinnabar, lead yellow, yellow ochre, Etrurian green.

Anthem Book XIV Century, cm. 35 x 50 on original lambskin parchment.

Calligraphy: Gothic shaped.
Initial letter: decoration depicting a winged ram which belongs to the category of " Monsters". Gum Arabic tempera.

Special Pigments employed

Ultramarine blue light, chromium oxide green, red lead, red ochre, vine black, lead yellow, natural violet.

Anthem Book XIV Century, cm. 35 x 50 on parchment paper.

Calligraphy: Gothic shaped.
Initial letter: Decoration depicting a dragon which is beheading itself. This figure belongs to the category of "Monsters". Gum Arabic tempera.

Special Pigments employed

Ultramarine blue light, vine black, red lead, red ochre, lead yellow, viridian extrafine, natural violet.

Psalter XV Century, cm. 35 x 50 on original lambskin parchment.

Calligraphy: Gothic shaped.
Frieze: Acanthus leaves, flowers, gilded berries.
Initial letter decorated with acanthus leaves.
Pen miniature: Coloured inks.
Genuine gold leaf 22 karati. Gum Arabic tempera.

Special Pigments employed

Cobalt blue, covering green, cinnabar, carmine genuine from cochineal, lead yellow.

Anthem Book XIII century, cm. 35 x 50, on parchment paper.

Calligraphy: Gothic shaped.
Frieze: Acanthus leaves.
Initial letter: Decoration depicting a cleric with church in his hands. Gum Arabic tempera.

Special Pigments employed

Ultramarine blue light, red lead, red ochre, malachite, lead yellow, cadmium red medium extrafine, vine black.

Anthem Book XIII Century, cm. 35 x 50 on parchment paper.

Calligraphy: Gothic shaped.
Initial letter: Decoration depicting a figure which is half man and half fish, holding an axe and a shield. This figure belongs to the "Monster" category. Gum Arabic tempera.

Special Pigments employed

Red lead, ultramarine blue light, vine black, caput mortum, indigo vegetable from India, cinnabar, lead yellow, dragon's blood.

Anthem Book XV Century, cm. 35 x 50 on original lambskin parchment

Calligraphy: Gothic shaped.
Frieze: acanthus leaves, gilded berries.
Initial letter: decoration depicting "Saint Laurence Martyr"
Genuine gold leaf 22 karati. Gum Arabic tempera.

Special Pigments employed

Azzurite deep, carmine genuine from cochineal, viridian extrafine, cobalt blue light, cinnabar, ultramarine azure from Afghanistan, different shades of ochre.

Manuscript in miniature, cm. 50 x 70 on parchement paper

Content: Dissertation against the use of torture from "Dei delitti e delle pene" by Beccaria.
Calligraphy: Texture.
Frieze: Acanthus leaves, flowers, fruits, gilded berries.
Initial letter decorated with historical scenes depicting "Justice" from the iconography by Cesare Ripa.
Pen miniatures: Coloured inks.
Genuine gold leaf 22 karati.
Gum Arabic tempera.

Special pigments employed

Red lead, lead yellow, indigo vegetable from India, viridian extrafine, ultramarine blue light, cinnabar, cobalt blue light, cadmium red medium extrafine, different shades of ochre.